Dynamic Optimization of Batch Processes: II. Handling Uncertainty Using Measurements

The main bottleneck in using optimization in industry is the way uncertainty is handled, which forms the subject of this series of two papers. The first part dealt with the characterization of the nominal solution and proposed an approach to separate the constraint-seeking and the compromise-seeking components of the inputs. This second part reviews various strategies for optimization under uncertainty, namely the robust and measurement-based optimization schemes. A novel scheme, labeled invariant-based optimization, is proposed, where optimality is achieved by tracking references that remain invariant under uncertainty. The different approaches are compared via the simulation of a bioreactor for penicillin production.